From Ancient Techniques to Modern Solutions: In Situ Synthesis of C-S-H for Sandstone Conservation.

ABSTRACT: Hydraulic calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), a key binding agent in both ancient mortars and modern cement, holds significant promise for heritage conservation. Drawing inspiration from ancient Roman techniques, this study investigates the development of C-S-H-based grouting materials to address water-induced erosive damage in the Beishan Grottoes of the Dazu Rock Carvings. The interfacial interactions between C-S-H mortar and sandstone are analyzed using molecular dynamics simulations, revealing the crucial role of hydrogen bonding at the interface of C-S-H and mineral phases for adhesion. In the in situ synthesis of C-S-H with a reticulated structure from Ca(OH)₂/silica fume mixtures under ambient conditions, this work systematically investigates the impact of varying calcium-t

SUBMITTER: Jia M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12362824 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature