Proviruses in CD4⁺ T cells reactive to autologous antigens contribute to nonsuppressible HIV-1 viremia.

ABSTRACT: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) halts human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replication, reducing plasma virus concentrations to below the limit of detection, but it is not curative because of a reservoir of latently infected CD4⁺ T cells. In some people living with HIV-1 (PLWH), plasma HIV-1 RNA becomes persistently detectable despite optimal ART. This nonsuppressible viremia (NSV) is characterized by identical, nonevolving HIV-1 RNA variants expressed from infected CD4⁺ T cell clones. The mechanisms driving persistent virus production from a specific population of infected cells are poorly understood. We hypothesized that proviruses in cells responding to chronic immunologic stimuli, including self-associated antigens, may drive viral gene expression and NSV. Here, we

SUBMITTER: Wu F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12363666 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature