Longer scans boost prediction and cut costs in brain-wide association studies.

ABSTRACT: A pervasive dilemma in brain-wide association studies¹ (BWAS) is whether to prioritize functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan time or sample size. We derive a theoretical model showing that individual-level phenotypic prediction accuracy increases with sample size and total scan duration (sample size × scan time per participant). The model explains empirical prediction accuracies well across 76 phenotypes from nine resting-fMRI and task-fMRI datasets (R² = 0.89), spanning diverse scanners, acquisitions, racial groups, disorders and ages. For scans of ≤20 min, accuracy increases linearly with the logarithm of the total scan duration, suggesting that sample size and scan time are initially interchangeable. However, sample size is ultimately more important. Ne

SUBMITTER: Ooi LQR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12367542 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature