Involvement of endolysosome iron in HIV-1 gp120-, morphine-, and iron supplementation-induced disruption of the reactive species interactome and induction of neurotoxicity.

ABSTRACT: Iron continues to be linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). People with HIV-1 who use opioids have a higher risk of developing HAND, and HIV-1 proteins and opioids disrupt endolysosome iron homeostasis, increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cause neural cell death. Endolysosomes are subcellular acidic organelles that regulate iron metabolism and redox homeostasis. HIV-1 gp120 and opioids induce endolysosome iron release, increasing cytosolic and in mitochondrial iron and ROS and inducing neurotoxicity. However, ROS represent only part of the reactive species interactome (RSI) and little is known about the extent to which HIV-1 proteins and opioids affect the RSI. In SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells, HIV-1 gp120, mo

SUBMITTER: Kumar N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12372519 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature