Dual Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Plus Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show efficacy in treatment of several solid tumors, but microsatellite-stable rectal cancer is largely resistant. Radiotherapy may enhance tumor immunogenicity and thus may make the combination of radiotherapy and ICIs a promising strategy to treat rectal cancer. While anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies in neoadjuvant regimens have been linked to higher complete response rates, the added benefit of including a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor remains unclear.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and feasibility of combining ipilimumab and nivolumab with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer.

Design, setting, and participants

The CHINOREC trial was a prospective, rando

SUBMITTER: Laengle J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12374221 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature