Brain Capillary Ion Channels: Physiology and Channelopathies.

ABSTRACT: The brain relies on an intricate vascular network to deliver oxygen and nutrients through functional hyperemia, a process critical for matching blood flow to neuronal activity. This review explores the roles of ion channels in brain capillary endothelial cells and pericytes, focusing on their contributions to neurovascular coupling. Key endothelial ion channels, including Kir2.1, K_ATP, TRPV4, TRPA1, and Piezo1, regulate membrane potential and calcium dynamics, facilitating rapid electrical and chemical signaling that modulates blood flow. Pericytes, categorized as ensheathing and thin-strand, express ion channels such as K_ATP, voltage-gated calcium channels, TRPC, and TMEM16A, which govern contractility and orchestrate blood flow responses. Additionally, we discuss ch

SUBMITTER: Harraz OF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12378794 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature