Genetic causal association between heart failure, frailty and poisoning by narcotics and psychodysleptics: A two-sample Mendelian randomization.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Observational studies have suggested associations between heart failure (HF), frailty and poisoning by narcotics and psychodysleptics (PNP). However, establishing causal relationships has been challenging. This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the genetically proxied causality between HF, frailty and PNP.

Methods

Summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were utilized to investigate the causal relationship between frailty index (FI) and PNP risk, PNP and HF risk, as well as the bidirectional relationship between FI and HF. Various MR methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median and weighted mode, were employed. Horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities and the robustness of ge

SUBMITTER: Wang B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12381623 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature