Extracellular vesicles derived from clonal mesenchymal stromal cells preconditioned by indirect hypoxia modulate immune responses in diabetic mice more effectively than directly preconditioned vesicles.

ABSTRACT: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) or MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are considered potential modulators of the immune system in type 1 diabetes (T1D) therapy. On the other hand, preconditioning MSCs with inflammatory agents is a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic effects of these cells. Therefore, we performed various direct preconditioning regimens (IFN-γ, poly(I: C), LPS, and hypoxia) on clonal MSCs (cMSCs), and for indirect preconditioning regimens, the same regimens were applied to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMC-derived concentrated conditioned media (CCM) was transferred into cMSC cultures to mimic in vivo conditions to obtain cMSC-EVs with better immunomodulatory effects and then selected hypoxia-induced cMSC-EVs and their source cells t

SUBMITTER: Soleymani-Goloujeh M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12382128 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature