Isopropyl paraben targets type III secretion to inhibit <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar typhimurium infection.

ABSTRACT: Salmonella enterica, a food- and water-borne pathogen, triggers food poisoning and enteric infections. The effectiveness of antibiotics against Salmonella infections is decreasing due to bacterial resistance. Developing novel antimicrobial agents is crucial and urgent. Here, we screened 550 natural compounds and found that isopropyl paraben (IPPB) effectively inhibited Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) invasion of host cells without impacting bacterial growth, reducing the risk of developing bacterial resistance. Further investigation revealed that IPPB bound to the regulatory protein HilD and inhibited the transcription of the type III protein secretion system 1 (T3SS-1) regulatory genes hilD, hilC and rtsA. This interference blocked th

SUBMITTER: Ge J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12382468 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature