A Genome-Wide Association Study of Circulating Serum Choline, Betaine, Dimethylglycine, and Their Ratios.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Genetic variation has been thought to alter the human dietary requirement for choline and subsequent circulating levels of its metabolites betaine and dimethylglycine (DMG). The aim of this genome-wide association study (GWAS) was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine (DMG) as well as choline-to-betaine and betaine-to-DMG ratios. Methods: Data from the Collaborative Study of Genes, Nutrients and Metabolites (CSGNM; n = 2402) were used to model individual associations of choline, betaine, and DMG circulating metabolites and their ratios with 680,975 SNPs, using linear regression. Models were unadjusted (model 1), adjusted for age and sex (model 2), and further adjusted for se

SUBMITTER: Louck LE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12389381 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature