Quantitative Methods for Evaluating Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Vaccines: A Scoping Review.

ABSTRACT: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of invasive diseases, particularly affecting young children and the elderly. Currently, two main types of pneumococcal vaccines are commercially available: polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and conjugate vaccines (e.g., PCV20). Of over 100 identified pneumococcal serotypes, vaccines targeting 24 serotypes covered by PPSV23 and PCV20 (19 serotypes overlap between the two vaccines) have been developed, with serotype distribution varying by geography, age, and time. The immune response to pneumococcal vaccines differs across serotypes, vaccine types (polysaccharide vs. conjugate), and host factors. Quantitative methods for antibody assessment-particularly newer high-throughput assays-have emerged since 2000 to address limitations in conventional

SUBMITTER: Hayashi Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12390409 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature