Innovative strategies in combating intervertebral disc degeneration: pathological mechanisms and biomaterial advancements.

ABSTRACT: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of chronic low back pain, significantly impacting the quality of life for millions of individuals worldwide. The onset of IVDD is associated with various factors such as age, lifestyle, and genetics, and its pathological mechanisms involve multidimensional interactions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolic disorders. During degeneration, there is a reduction in the number of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), resulting in an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of the ECM, leading to changes in the disc's morphology and biomechanical function, ultimately causing pain and mobility issues. As the global population ages, the incidence of IVDD continues to rise, necessitating the dev

SUBMITTER: Ma L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12391112 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature