Integrating phylodynamics and historical records reveals decades-old introductions of PRRSV into Costa Rica via international swine trade.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In August 1995, necropsies on post-weaning piglets from the CA-CART farm in the province of Cartago, Costa Rica, revealed respiratory lesions, pleuritis, peritonitis, and arthritis. Skin lesions were also observed, progressing to scabs. A subsequent outbreak in 1996 prompted antibiotic administration. Mortality analysis from 1990 to 1995 showed no significant seasonal patterns, but yearly variations were noted. Piglets born in Costa Rica from imported gilts had a higher average mortality rate (10.65%) than the 8.11% mortality rate for piglets born from non-imported gilts and sows or imported sows (p = 0.002).

Methods

In March 1996, serum samples were sent for potential PRRS virus (PRRSV) diagnosis, and 10 PRRSV-2 ORF5 sequences collected during a prospective study

SUBMITTER: Leon B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12393549 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature