A fusion ORF3a-E subgenomic RNA involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection efficacy by influencing cellular protein synthesis.

ABSTRACT: Subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) are discontinuous transcription products of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that are involved in viral gene expression and replication, but their exact functions are still being studied. Here, we report the identification of a nested ORF3a-sgRNA, the fusion ORF3a-E-sgRNA, which is involved in the infection process of SARS-CoV-2. This sgRNA encodes both ORF3a and E and can be detected throughout the viral life cycle in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with high copy numbers. ORF3a-E-sgmRNA guides ORF3a translation and promotes the expression of cellular ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), increasing translation levels. Single-cell sequencing of a SARS-CoV-2-infected human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) revealed that maintenance of this stable

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12395053 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature