Estimating cardiovascular effects of influenza vaccination in older adults: a target trial emulation using proximal causal inference.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The substantial burden of cardiovascular diseases highlights the urgent need for cost-effective interventions to mitigate their impact. While existing evidence on the cardioprotective effect of the influenza vaccine comes primarily from populations with cardiovascular comorbidities, these studies remain susceptible to several sources of bias, including immortal time bias and unmeasured confounding. To attenuate these limitations, our study aimed to assess the effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular events in an older population in China, utilizing a target trial emulation framework in conjunction with a proximal causal inference (PCI) approach.

Methods

This is a sequentially designed, propensity score (PS) matched, vaccine effectiveness study under a tar

SUBMITTER: Guo J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12398818 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature