Global, regional, and national burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to lead exposure, 1990-2021: decomposition, frontier, and projection analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading global health burden, with lead exposure identified as a significant environment risk factor contributing to its prevalence.

Methods

Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 were used to analyze deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IHD due to lead exposure at global, regional, and national levels. Decomposition analysis, frontier analysis, and Bayesian age-period cohort (BAPC) models were applied to assess trends from 1990 to 2021.

Results

In 2021, deaths and DALYs attributable to lead exposure reached 590,370.03 and 11,854,611.43, respectively, though age-standardized rates (ASRs) declined. Males and the older adult exhibited higher ASRs. At regional level, South Asia had the highes

SUBMITTER: Wen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12399670 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature