Reading ability in children with intermittent exotropia and its association with binocular visual function and visual information processing capability.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To evaluate children's reading performance with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and investigate possible associations among reading abnormalities, binocular visual function, and visual information processing.

Methods

This cross-sectional, case-control study involved 61 children with basic-type IXT and 40 healthy controls aged 7 to 13. Reading performance was assessed objectively using the Development Eye Movement (DEM) test and subjectively with the Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children (DCCC). Binocular visual function assessments included fusion, stereopsis, and contrast sensitivity. Visual information processing was evaluated using the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (TVPS-4) and Beery Visual Motor Integration (VMI-6).

Results

Children with IXT exhibited si

SUBMITTER: Yang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12403509 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature