Ca²⁺-Driven Enhancement of Anodic Performance and Sulfur Utilization for Magnesium-Sulfur Batteries.

ABSTRACT: Magnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries are emerging as promising energy storage systems due to their cost-effectiveness, safety, and high theoretical volumetric energy density. However, their practical implementation is hindered by sluggish sulfur redox kinetics with Mg²⁺ and severe polysulfide shuttling. Here, a double-divalent Mg-Ca hybrid electrolyte is introduced, where a small amount of Ca²⁺ additive significantly enhances sulfur redox kinetics, leading to higher sulfur utilization. Notably, Ca²⁺ primarily facilitates the solid-to-solid conversion of disulfide to sulfide. In addition to the cathode reaction, the Mg-Ca hybrid electrolyte also contributes to the anode reaction; it enables smoother Mg plating and reduces overpotential with the long cycle (>100

SUBMITTER: Iimura R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12404011 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature