Elevated tumor NOS2/COX2 promotes immunosuppressive phenotypes associated with poor survival in ER- breast cancer.

ABSTRACT: Tumor immunosuppression affects survival and treatment efficacy. Tumor NOS2/COX2 coexpression strongly predicts poor outcome in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer by promoting metastasis, drug resistance, cancer stemness, and immune suppression. Herein, a spatially distinct NOS2/COX2 and CD3+CD8+PD1- T effector (TEff) cell landscape correlated with poor survival in ER- tumors. NOS2 was primarily expressed at the tumor margin, whereas COX2 together with B7H4 was associated with immune desert regions lacking TEff cells, where a higher ratio of tumor NOS2 or COX2 to TEff cells predicted poor survival. Also, programmed cell death ligand 1/programmed cell death 1, regulatory T cells (TRegs), and IDO1 were primarily associated with stroma-restricted TEff cells. Regardless of the surv

SUBMITTER: Ridnour LA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12406732 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature