Trends in inhaler use and associated carbon footprint: a sales data-based study in Europe.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Physicians are being encouraged to favour dry powder inhalers (DPI) over pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) on environmental grounds. The EU is reviewing the F-gas regulation to accelerate emission phase-down targets. Thoughtful use of inhalers can reduce emissions while promoting positive clinical outcomes. We aim to describe the trends of pMDI and DPI use and associated carbon footprint in Europe.

Methods

DPI and pMDI sales data between 2011 and 2021 were extracted from IQVIA MIDAS Quarterly 2022 as total sold doses in 10 European countries. Carbon footprint calculations were based on the Medical and Chemicals Technical Options Committee 2022 assessment report.

Results

Between 2011 and 2021, the carbon footprint of pMDI-based inhalation therapy incr

SUBMITTER: Vartiainen V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12406821 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature