Female Fibroblast Activation Is Estrogen-Mediated in Sex-Specific 3D-Bioprinted Pulmonary Artery Adventitia Models.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a form of pulmonary vascular disease characterized by scarring of the small blood vessels that results in reduced blood flow and increased blood pressure in the lungs. Over time, this increase in blood pressure causes damage to the heart. Idiopathic (IPAH) impacts male and female patients differently, with female patients showing a higher disease susceptibility (4:1 female-to-male ratio) but experiencing longer survival rates postdiagnosis compared to male patients. This complex sex dimorphism is known as the estrogen paradox. Prior studies suggest that estrogen signaling may be pathologic in the pulmonary vasculature and protective in the heart, yet the mechanisms underlying these sex differences in IPAH remain unclear. Many previous studies of PAH

SUBMITTER: Mueller MC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12406945 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature