Complications in cesarean sections: A national survey of obstetric protocols and outcomes in Spain.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Cesarean sections are among the most common obstetric surgeries worldwide. While generally safe, they can be complicated by numerous factors increasing risks for both mother and fetus, and posing significant challenges in clinical practice. In Spain, the absence of unified protocols for managing high-risk cases underscores the need for systematic guidance to improve maternal outcomes and reduce morbidity.

Materials and methods

A 45-question survey evaluated the management of complicated cesarean sections in Spain among members of the Perinatal Medicine Section of the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics. The survey was developed and internally validated by the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics. It was distributed online to all registered membe

SUBMITTER: Cancelo Hidalgo MJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12407456 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature