Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis functions as a conserved host defense pathway against coronaviruses via regulation of LY6E.

ABSTRACT: Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, rely on host factors for their replication and pathogenesis, while hosts deploy defense mechanisms to counteract viral infections. Although numerous host proviral factors have been identified, the landscape of host restriction factors and their underlying mechanisms remain less explored. Here, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens using three distinct coronaviruses-SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43 (a common cold human virus from the genus Betacoronavirus) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (Alphacoronavirus) to identify conserved host restriction factors. We identified glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis as the pan-coronavirus host factor that restrict viral entry by disrupting spike protein-mediated membrane fusion at both endosomal and pl

SUBMITTER: Ma Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12407461 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature