Efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine for urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) have garnered increasing attention as therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, robust evidence supporting their efficacy remains limited. To address this gap, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporating both direct and indirect comparisons to systematically evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety profiles of CPMs for UTIs.

Methods

We systematically searched five electronic databases from their inception through April 2025. Data were analyzed using a frequentist approach with random-effects models.

Results

Twenty-three studies with nine types of medicines and 3,250 patients were included in this study. While network meta-analysis suggested that Xueniaoan capsule with antibiotics (XNA_A

SUBMITTER: Zhao J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12408631 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature