Swimming coaches' perceptions and practices on periodization, performance monitoring, and training management.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

This study examined the beliefs and practices of Spanish national swimming coaches regarding season planning, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of how they organize training throughout the year.

Methods

A total of 18 coaches participated and were classified based on the performance level of their swimmers: World Class (27.8%), Elite (11.1%), and National (72.2%). A validated questionnaire was used to gather information on training structure, session management, and feedback strategies.

Results

The most reported planning model was traditional periodization (35.3%), typically structured into general, specific, and competitive phases, with individualized tapering strategies lasting between 7 and 21 days. While most coaches (89.9%) did not involve swimmer

SUBMITTER: Cano-Cuartero C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12411453 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature