Phytophthora Disrupts Plant Immunity by Manipulating Nitric Oxide Homeostasis Through GSNOR Inhibition.

ABSTRACT: Nitric oxide (NO), a pivotal redox signaling molecule, coordinates plant development and immune responses through S-nitrosylation-mediated protein modification. While NO-dependent S-nitrosylation fine-tunes immune responses, whether pathogens hijack this process to subvert plant immunity remains unclear. Here it is shown that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), which maintains NO homeostasis by degrading S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), positively regulates tomato resistance to Phytophthora capsici. Active-site mutations in GSNOR abolished its function in plant defense. Remarkably, GSNOR is manipulated by PcRD18, which is an RxLR effector of P. capsici that is involved in virulence of this oomycete pathogen. PcRD18 elevates the cellular NO content and S-nitrosylation levels by dually inhib

SUBMITTER: Li T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12412504 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature