Fabrication of Site-Specific 3D Structures via Macroscopic Supramolecular Assembly for Spatially Controlled Alignment of Multiple Cells.

ABSTRACT: The self-assembly of micrometer-to-millimeter components, referred to as "macroscopic supramolecular assembly (MSA)," offers an efficient approach for constructing cell-scale 3D bioactive structures with flexible modular designs. Compared with available 3D bio-printing or conventional modular assembly of cell-material units, MSA is advantageous in decoupling material preparation and cell loading processes by directing cell adhesion after the preparation of 3D structures, which minimizes the trade-off between cell viability and material selection. But the challenge lies in efficient self-sorting of different cells and spatially controlled cell distribution. Hence, MSA is combined with the surface chemistry of orthogonally specific peptides to different cells and magnetic manipulation, and f

SUBMITTER: Liu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12412592 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature