Causal Effects of Inflammatory Cytokines on Bipolar Disorder: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Inflammatory cytokine disturbance is a prominent outcome of immune dysregulation, extensively documented in bipolar disorder (BD). However, observational studies have exhibited inconsistent findings, and the causal relationships between inflammatory factors and BD remain unclear. Hence, this study aimed to uncover the causality between circulating inflammatory cytokines and BD.

Methods

In the bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, two genetic instruments derived from a publicly available genomic dataset were utilized. Genetic variant data for 41 inflammatory cytokines were obtained from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies involving 8293 Finnish individuals. BD data included 41,917 cases and 371,549 controls from the Psychiatric Genom

SUBMITTER: Cheng Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12415264 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature