Craniofacial Changes Among Children and Adolescents Submitted to Growth Hormone Therapy: A Systematic Review.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between craniofacial changes and growth hormone (GH) therapy among children and adolescents with GH deficiency or idiopathic short stature (ISS). The PRISMA guideline was followed to carry out all stages of this review. An electronic search was conducted in seven databases, without year or language restrictions. The study selection was carried out in two stages by two calibrated examiners. Studies exploring craniofacial changes among children and adolescents with GH deficiency or ISS undergoing GH therapy were included. After data extraction, the risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool and the RoB 2.0 Checklist. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE to

SUBMITTER: Nascimento RB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12418064 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature