Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis of Green Colloidal Silver: Moving toward Scale-Up.

ABSTRACT: Silver particles (AgPs) are increasingly used across a range of industries, including personal care, household, and food packaging, but conventional synthesis methods involve high production costs and negative environmental impacts. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a sustainable alternative, though limited comparative data on economic and environmental performance exist. This study evaluates three green methods-BX3 (a patented extract), lemon juice (LJ), and green tea (GT)-against a conventional method using sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). Equal-volume reactions are analyzed via ICP-MS, UV-vis spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) assessed costs and environmental impact. BX3 emerged as the most cost-effective and environ

SUBMITTER: Trotta F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12418338 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature