Multiple metals exposure and estimated pulse wave velocity: a cross-sectional analysis of the US adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Arterial stiffness has been demonstrated to be associated with a range of adverse cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, the epidemiological evidence on the association between metal exposure and arterial stiffness remains inconclusive.

Methods

The data concerning 12 urine metals were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2003 to 2016. Multiple linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were applied to explore the potential linear and nonlinear associations between urine metal and ePWV. A parallel mediation analysis was conducted in order to explore the potential intermediate factors in metal-induced ePWV elevation. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Quantile g-computation (

SUBMITTER: Zhou S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12419226 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature