A chromosome-level Mitragyna parvifolia genome unveils spirooxindole alkaloid diversification and mitraphylline biosynthesis.

ABSTRACT: Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) found in the Rubiaceae have varied pharmaceutical uses. Spirooxindole alkaloids are a structural subtype of MIAs with a unique spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3'-oxindole] ring system. Despite their intriguing structures and potent bioactivities, the evolution and diversification of spirooxindole alkaloids remain poorly understood. We report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of Mitragyna parvifolia, a tree species of the Rubiaceae family that predominantly produces the spirooxindole alkaloid mitraphylline. Comparative genomics, including comprehensive synteny and phylogeny analyses across the MIA-producing order Gentianales revealed a whole-genome duplication event underlying the divergence of the Cinchonoideae alliance from the Coffeeae alliance, lead

SUBMITTER: Laforest LC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12419693 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature