Effect of "universal two-child" policy on population changes in Shandong province, China: an interrupted time series analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

As population aging intensifies and women's fertility levels decline continuously, the improvement of fertility policies has emerged as a pivotal concern for most governments. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the "universal two-child" policy implementation on the birth population trend.

Methods

A quasi-experimental interrupted time series (ITS) study was conducted to analyze the collected data. Data on the birth population of Shandong province from 2000 to 2022 were collected to observe trend changes before and after the intervention.

Results

The birth rate increased immediately in the first year after the intervention (p < 0.001), but the trend significantly declined in the following years (p < 0.001). After further adjustment for t

SUBMITTER: Shi K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12423096 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature