Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoal infections among patients in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Backgrounds

Intestinal protozoan infections (IPI), including Entamoeba spp., Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp., are common in diarrhoea patients in Malaysia. These parasites are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water sources and pose a significant public health concern. Entamoeba spp., causes amoebiasis, which is characterised by severe diarrhoea with bloody stools, while Giardia spp., causes giardiasis, which is characterised by watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain and flatulence. Cryptosporidium spp. causes cryptosporidiosis, which is particularly severe in immunocompromised individuals. Despite efforts to improve water quality, sanitation, hygiene, and surveillance, limited epidemiological data prevent a clear understanding of the prevalence of intestinal p

SUBMITTER: Mizan NS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12425333 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature