Park Visitors and Birds Connected by Trade-Offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services.

ABSTRACT: Parks serve as vital components of green infrastructure within urban ecosystems, providing recreational opportunities that not only enhance human well-being but also support bird diversity. However, the shared use of park spaces by both humans and birds inevitably leads to spatial overlap and natural competition between the two groups. Consequently, addressing the diverse needs of both groups and balancing the ecosystem services provided to each has become an urgent and critical issue. In this study, we conducted bird and social surveys in an urban park and employed the SolVES and MaxEnt models to investigate the spatial patterns of cultural ecosystem services (CES), supporting ecosystem services (SES), and bird plumage color CES in the park. We then analyzed the trade-offs and synergies b

SUBMITTER: Chen Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12427294 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature