Diagnostic Imaging and Clinical Implications of Heterotopic Ossification After Total Ankle Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review for Surgical Strategy.

ABSTRACT: Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a frequent radiographic finding after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), but its clinical relevance, diagnostic criteria, and prognostic implications remain uncertain. This systematic review summarizes current evidence on HO incidence, distribution, severity, risk factors, clinical impact, and diagnostic/prognostic value to inform surgical decision-making regarding approach, implant design, and revision strategies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and the following search string "heterotopic ossification" AND "ankle" (February 2015-February 2025). Twenty-two studies were included, most of which were retrospective and varied in methodological qu

SUBMITTER: Zielli SO 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12427652 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature