Endocrine Disruption as a Mediator of Declining Semen Quality in Smokers.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cigarette smoking is one of the most common lifestyle and environmental risk factors for male infertility. Although smoking has been implicated in male fertility decline, the association between endocrine disruption and semen quality reduction remains underexplored in smokers. This study demonstrates the impact of reproductive hormones on the modulation of semen quality in infertile men.

Methods

Eighty infertile men participated in this observational study. They were interviewed for environment and lifestyle factors, following which their semen and four reproductive hormones, viz, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), and testosterone, were analyzed. A comparative analysis between non-smokers and smokers highlighted notable

SUBMITTER: Choudhury BP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12428148 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature