Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

This study examined the effects of 2 weeks of betaine versus placebo supplementation (3 g/d) on 60 km cycling performance, gut permeability, and shifts in plasma metabolites.

Methods

Participants included 21 male and female non-elite cyclists. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period. Supplementation periods were followed by a 60 km cycling time trial. Six blood samples were collected before and after supplementation (overnight fasted state), and at 0 h, 1.5 h, 3 h, and 24 h post-exercise. Five-hour urine samples were collected pre-supplementation and post-60 km cycling after ingesting a sugar solution containing lactulose 5 g, ¹³C mannitol 10

SUBMITTER: Nieman DC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12430687 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature