Adjunctive molecular hydrogen therapy for refractory malar rash in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report with immunological insights.

ABSTRACT: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease often presenting with cutaneous symptoms such as malar rash. While hydroxychloroquine is standard therapy, some cases remain treatment-resistant. Molecular hydrogen possesses anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune disorders. This case report examines the use of molecular hydrogen as adjunctive therapy in a 27-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and refractory malar rash. Despite hydroxychloroquine treatment, her rash persisted and significantly impacted the quality of life. After initiating oral molecular hydrogen therapy, the patient showed sustained clinical improvement, including reduced malar rash, decreased fatigue, and enhanced well-being over several months. These outcomes were accompanie

SUBMITTER: Hsu NS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12437174 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature