Electrochemical Control with High Spatiotemporal Resolutions for Extracellular pH Microenvironment.

ABSTRACT: The local pH values and hence the pH microenvironment surrounding an organism critically affect its metabolism and physiology in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the ubiquitous spatiotemporal heterogeneity of local pH conditions in biology, a biocompatible method that spatiotemporally programs the pH microenvironment remains elusive. Here we report an electrochemical approach that spatiotemporally controls pH microenvironments for potential microbial applications. A quinone-based redox couple undergoes electrochemical proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) that releases or consumes protons and hence changes the local pH. We designed a biocompatible hydroquinone/quinone redox couple that has minimal interference with bacterial aerobic respiration thanks to its hydrophilic nature an

SUBMITTER: Wang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12439615 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature