Water-Immersed GaP Huygens' Meta-Optics for Visible Structured Light Generation.

ABSTRACT: Underwater photonics is essential for imaging and analysis in biomedical technologies, as well as for communication and autonomous vehicle networks in the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). Structured light enables spatial control of beams, offering new opportunities for underwater sensing, imaging, and signal transmission. However, compact and robust water-immersed photonic devices remain challenging to realize. Among various approaches, dielectric metasurfaces are particularly promising for underwater optics due to their flat form factor and subwavelength phase control. Nevertheless, current platforms suffer from instability in liquids, incomplete phase modulation, or strong sensitivity to fabrication imperfections. Here, ultrathin water-immersed metasurfaces composed of gallium phosp

SUBMITTER: Lee JH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12442711 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature