Integration of the rat liver micronucleus assay into a 28-day treatment protocol: testing the genotoxicity of 4 small-molecule nitrosamines with different carcinogenic potencies and tumor target specificities.

ABSTRACT: Several potent carcinogenic nitrosamines, including N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), induce micronuclei in the micronucleated hepatocyte (MNHEP) assay but not in the micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) assay. However, the MNHEP assay is not as frequently used as the MNRET assay for evaluating in vivo genotoxicity. The present study evaluated MN formation in the liver of Big Blue transgenic rats exposed to 4 small-molecule nitrosamines, NDMA, N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDIPA), N-nitrosoethylisopropylamine (NEIPA), and N-nitrosomethylphenylamine (NMPA), using a repeat-dose protocol typically used for in vivo mutagenicity studies. NDMA is a potent liver carcinogen, whereas NDIPA and NEIPA are relatively weak liver carcinogens, and NMPA primarily produces esophag

SUBMITTER: Guo X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12442842 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature