Measuring Abdominal Skin-Surface Distances Using Photos for Perforator Mapping Analysis-A Validation Study on 3D-Printed DIEP-Flap Models.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We present a novel method for accurately measuring skin-surface distances using standard smartphone photos and Photoshop, validated on 3D-printed DIEP-flap models and on calibration grid-patterns.

Materials and methods

Distance measurements are acquired in Photoshop in a calibration plane between dots on a grid-pattern as well as between perforators on photos of 3D-printed models and compared against ground-truth. Margins of errors are calculated from fitted linear models.

Results

Submillimeter accuracy can be achieved within errors of ±0.45 mm (80% probability) and ±0.8 mm (95% probability) for measuring distances on the dot-grid. On the 3D-printed DIEP-models, distance measurements are accurate within ±1.75 mm (80% probability) and ±3.1 mm (95% probabilit

SUBMITTER: Necker FN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12444031 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature