The efficacy of sodium hexafluoroaluminate (cryolite) for direct amidation of carboxylic acids.

ABSTRACT: Direct amidation of carboxylic acids is a fundamental transformation in organic synthesis and plays a pivotal role in the construction of amide bonds that are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials. Despite its importance, many of the reported catalytic methods rely on expensive, moisture-sensitive, or inefficient reagents, thereby limiting their practical utility. In this study, we introduce sodium hexafluoroaluminate (cryolite, Na₃AlF₆) as a cost-effective, recyclable, and environmentally benign catalyst for direct amidation. Using 10 mol% cryolite, a broad range of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids were converted into the corresponding amides in moderate to high yields (46-97%). Notably, the method requires no specialized additives or

SUBMITTER: Singh AG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12444625 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature