Sex and Gender Dimensions in Hazard and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials.

ABSTRACT: The knowledge on hazards and risks connected to human exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is still very limited, despite several decades of research and regulatory efforts at the international level. In particular, sex/gender-related responses to such exposure have not been clearly articulated so far in any of the existing guidance documents or regulatory relevant opinions provided to the parties involved in the risk assessment and risk management of ENMs. We aimed to demonstrate the relevance of the sex/gender dimension for the characterization of the risks and hazards associated with ENMs by analyzing existing scientific data on sex-related differences in response to ENMs exposure. This was achieved by performing an extensive review of in vivo mammalian toxicity studies published

SUBMITTER: Bozicevic L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12444842 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep-Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature