Breakfast Skipping Increases the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Myocardial Infarction: Evidence From the Mendelian Randomization Study.

ABSTRACT: Observational studies have suggested a potential association between breakfast skipping and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, due to potential confounders and reverse causation, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aims to comprehensively assess the causal effect of breakfast skipping on CHD and MI through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Genome-wide summary statistics of breakfast skipping, CHD, and MI were obtained from public databases. Instrument variables (IVs) proxying for breakfast skipping were screened based on strict (p < 5e-8) and lenient (p < 1e-5) thresholds. Quality control of IVs was performed using Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR PRESSO global test.

SUBMITTER: Cao S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12444934 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature