A long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin secretion in mice.

ABSTRACT: Ketogenic diets (KDs)-very-low-carbohydrate and very-high-fat diets-have gained popularity as therapeutic against obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, their long-term effects on metabolic health remain understudied. Here, we show that, in male and female mice, a KD protects against weight gain and induces weight loss but over time leads to the development of hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and severe glucose intolerance. Unlike mice on conventional high-fat diet, KD-fed mice remain insulin sensitive and display low-insulin levels. Hyperglycemic clamp and ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assays revealed systemic and cell-intrinsic impairments in insulin secretion. Transcriptomic profiling of islets from KD-fed mice indicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi stress and disrup

SUBMITTER: Gallop MR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12448075 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature