Anal Cancer Incidence Rates Among Men and Women With and Without HIV in South Africa.

ABSTRACT:

Background

More than 7.5 million people in South Africa have HIV, but little is known about the association of HIV and anal cancer incidence. We examined anal cancer incidence in a large South African cohort of insured men and women.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study using reimbursement claims data from a South African medical insurance scheme (01/2011-07/2020) to assess anal cancer rates among people with and without HIV aged ≥18 years. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the association of HIV and incident anal cancer using flexible parametric survival models. Covariates included sex, age, calendar year, a history of genital warts and other sexually transmitted infections, and in women, cervical precancer.

Results

We included 1 068 915 people of whom 69

SUBMITTER: Fernandez Villalobos NV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12449734 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature