Novel immune checkpoint inhibitor FilC/PD-1 recombinant vaccinia virus inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

With limited therapeutic options for advanced stages, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be the primary cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Although still less than ideal in HCC, immunotherapy-especially immune checkpoint drugs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis-shows promise. Combining direct tumor lysis with immune modulation provides a new strategy in oncolytic virotherapy using vaccinia virus. Designed to boost anti-tumor immunity through dual checkpoint inhibition and oncolysis, this study assessed the efficacy of the FilC/PD-1 recombinant vaccinia virus.

Materials and methods

Homologous recombination was used to develop a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing FilC and PD-1 inhibitors. We evaluated viral infectivity and replication in HCC cell lines

SUBMITTER: Luo Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12450999 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature