Performance and mechanisms of waste-based carbon adsorbents in heavy metal removal - an experimental and theoretical approach.

ABSTRACT: Access to safe drinking water is increasingly challenged by rising demand, pollution, and climate change, with heavy metal pollutants having emerged as some of the major contributors to today's environmental degradation, intensifying the water crisis. The presence of hazardous metals like chromium, cadmium and lead is a widespread concern in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the removal of Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Cr⁶⁺ ions under a set of predetermined conditions using waste-derived carbon adsorbents particularly granular activated carbon (GAC), GAC coated with chitosan (GAC-CS), Prosopis juliflora wood-derived biochar (PJBC), and banana stem char (BN char), through a combined experimental and theoretical approach. Characterization techniques (FESEM

SUBMITTER: Joshi AA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12451522 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature